U.S. female casualties of World War I
By Elizabeth M. Foxwell
American Women in World War I, May 30, 2016
A common cause of death for the U.S. women who passed away during their World War I service was influenza or its complications (such as pneumonia or meningitis). There were some, however, who were killed:
Winona Caroline Martin
- Edith Ayers and Helen Burnett Wood, army nurses from the Chicago area. Killed on 20 May 1917 en route to France by a projectile when their ship, the USS Mongolia, was conducting target practice. Resulted in a Congressional inquiry.
- Winona Caroline Martin (b. 1882), YMCA canteen worker. A Long Island librarian who had worked industriously to be sent abroad with the YMCA, Martin was being treated for scarlet fever at Paris’ Claude Bernard Hospital. In an 11 March 1918 German air raid on the hospital, Martin was killed. She is considered the first American woman to die in the war due to enemy action.
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